大学英语四级常用的语法
有关大学英语四级常用的语法精选 大学英语四级常用语法精选(12) Ⅴ 连词 并列连词 表示意义的引申: and, both…and, not only…but(also), as well as, and …as well, neither…nor 表示选择: or, either…or 表示转折: but, while, whereas, yet, however/nevertheless(也可认为是副词) 表示因果: for, so, therefore, hence 从属连词 表示时间: when, while, as, after, before, since, until(till), as soon as, once 表示原因: because, as, since, now that, seeing that 表示条件: if, unless, in case, provided(that), suppose, as long as, on condition (that), 表示其他关系: (al)though, than, as/so…as, lest, in order that, so…that Ⅵ 定语从句 限制和非限制性定语从句: 限制性定语从句是名词词组不可缺少的一个组成部分, 去掉了会造成病句或意义不明确; 非限制性定语从句属于补充说明性质, 去掉了不会影响主要意义, 通常用逗号与它的先行词分开. The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained. The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有形容词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或形容词性指示代词(this, that, etc)作限定词, 其后的定语从句通常都是非限制性的: Mary Smith, who is in the corner, wants to meet you. Her mother, who had long suffered form arthritis, died last night. All these books, which have been donated by visiting professors, are to be used by the postgraduates. 在非限制性定语从句中只能用who/whom指人, 用which指物,通常不用that替代. My father, who had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday. All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl. 定语从句的引导词 that, who, whom: 非限制性定语从句, 如果修饰人, 一般用who, 有时用that (作主语时用who较多). 如果关系代词在从句中作宾语, 就应当用宾格 whom 或that, 但在大多数情况下都可以省略掉, 在口语中可用who代替whom. Here is the man (whom) you've been looking for. He is a man (that) you can safely depend on. The people (who/that) you were talking to were Swedes. There are some people here who I want you to meet. 但在介词后只能用whom: This is the man to whom I referred. 但在口语中一般都把介词放到句子后面去, 这时可用that, 但省略时更多一些. Have you met the person about whom he was speaking? Have you met the person (that) he was speaking about The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. The girl (who/that) I spoke to is my cousin. 限制性定语从句如果修饰“物”, 用关系代词that的时候较多, 也有时用which.. 当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时, 在绝大多数情况下都是省略的, 特别是口语中(尤其是当被修饰的词是all, everything等词时): Have you everything you need? (Is there) anything I can do for you? All you have to do is to press the button. 2016年大学英语四级语法指导(4) 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。 I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。 5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。 6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood. A all in all B above all C after all D over all all in all 总而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 毕竟，终究;overall 全面的'，总体的 in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。 7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work. A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now now that 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。 与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式： now that 既然，由于; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。 except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。 8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders. A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to be attached to 连接，附属; This school is attached to Beida. 这所学校附属于北大。 responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。 be contrary to 与。。相反(相违背)。 9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week. A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。 10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_. A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice out of work 失业; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 缺乏练习。 2016年大学英语四级语法指导(3) 动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。 动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。 形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。 第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。 例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow. A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。 例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_. A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned 第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是… 例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台] A making B to make C to have made D having made 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。 I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。 5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。 2016年大学英语四级语法指导(2) 短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的结构：分词(分词短语) 句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。 1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏; to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏; 一些特殊的动词： 第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得; 这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。 注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事; remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事; 2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble. A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him offer vt. 提出，提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth. him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。 动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。 动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。 形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。 第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。 例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow. A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。 I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。 5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。 注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。 例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_. A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned 第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是… 例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台] A making B to make C to have made D having made 2016年大学英语四级语法指导(1) 非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语) 当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。 独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词] 现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。 1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely. A followed B following C to follow D being followed 2. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off. A considered B be considered C considering D having considered call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。 独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语] 3. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expanding education， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school. A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。 动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励; been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励 短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的结构：分词(分词短语) 句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。 1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏; to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏; 一些特殊的动词： 第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得; 这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。 注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事; remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事; 2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble. A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him offer vt. 提出，提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth. him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。 2016大学英语四级听力10大常考场景总结（4） 场景四：购物 1.采购衣服 必备词汇表 size 型号 come in all sizes 号全 2.采购电器 必备词汇表 model 款 discount 折扣 latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 减少 ;
大学英语四级常用语法
大学英语四级常用语法精选大全 too…to 结构通常表示否定意义: She was too young to understand all that. enough…to结构则表示肯定意义: She was not old enough to understand all that. not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式连用时,不定式一般不表示否定意义: He's only too pleased to help her. so…as (to)这种结构也可用不定式作状语: Be so kind as to drop in some time when you are free. 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的, 可以在不定式前加一个for引起的短语: It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally. 在以某些形容词(如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时, 不定式前可加一个of引起的短语, 来说明不定式指的是谁的情况: It's kind of you to think so much of us. (It is) Awfully good of you to come and meet us. It's very nice of you to be so considerate. It's unwise of them to turn down the proposal. V+ing形式(现在分词及动名词) 形式 完成式: 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生, 通常用动名词的完成形式. He didn't mention having met me. I regret not having taken her advice. 在某些动词后(或成语中), 常用(或可以用)动名词的一般形式, 尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的. Excuse me for coming late. I don't remember ever seeing him anywhere. 现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中, 表示这动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生. Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide. Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy. 另外, 独立结构也可用现在分词的完成形式. The guests having left, they resumed their discussion. The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table. 被动式: 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时, 动名词一般要用被动形式. His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. He couldn't bear being made fun of like that. 但要注意, 在want, need, deserve, require 等动词后, 尽管表示的是被动的意思, 却用动名词的主动形式. My pen needs filling. The point deserves mentioning. This problem requires studying with great care. 在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样. Her method is worth trying. 2016年大学英语四级语法指导(4) 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的`结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。 I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。 5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。 6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood. A all in all B above all C after all D over all all in all 总而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 毕竟，终究;overall 全面的，总体的 in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。 7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work. A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now now that 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。 与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式： now that 既然，由于; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。 except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。 8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders. A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to be attached to 连接，附属; This school is attached to Beida. 这所学校附属于北大。 responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。 be contrary to 与。。相反(相违背)。 9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week. A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。 10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_. A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice out of work 失业; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 缺乏练习。 ;
2021年下半年英语四级语法用法辨析
【 #四六级考试# 导语】祝愿天下所有考生开心度过四级考试。祝福你们旗开得胜，取得美好佳绩。平心对待四级考试，你们是最棒的!仁慈的上帝会祝福你们的，相信自己，一定能行! 为大家准备了以下内容，希望对大家有帮助。 1.2021年下半年英语四级语法用法辨析 how与what搭配区别与惯用法 在英语学习中，how与what是很常用的，在许多情况下，两者用法极为相似，只是句型结构稍有不同。 在许多情况下，两者用法极为相似，只是句型结构稍有不同： 1. 两者均可用来引出感叹句，how用于修饰形容词、副词或动词，而 what 用于修饰名词。如： How difficult it is! 它是多难啊! How well he plays the violin. 他的小提琴拉得真好! How they cried! 他们哭得多厉害! What a clever boy he is! 他真是个聪明的孩子! 【注】有时也说 How clever a boy he is! 但不是很常见。 2. 在询问看法时，以下两句型同义，注意搭配的动词不同: 你觉得这部电影怎么样? 正：How do you like the film? 正：What do you think of the film? 3. 在询问天气时，以下两类句型同义，但句型结构不同： 今天天气怎么样? 正：How is the weather today? 正：What is the weather like today? 4. 询问某人或事物的暂时现象通常用 how;询问某人或事物的持久特征通常用 what……like。如： How's work these days? 近来工作情况如何? A：What's your mother like? 你母亲是怎样一个人? B：She is a very nice person. 她这个人非常好。 5. 询问某人的健康情况时用 how, 询问某人职业时用 what。如： A：How is your mother? 你母亲好吗? B：She is very well. 她很好。 A：What's your father? 你父亲是干什么的? B：He's a doctor. 当医生的。 6. 表示“如何(说)”，用 how 和 what 均可，但搭配不同。如： 它用英语怎么说? 正：How do you say it in English? 正：What do you call it in English? 7. 在询问“长短”“宽窄”“高低”“多少”等意义时，以下两类句型同义，用 what 比用 what 更正式。如： 你多大年纪? 正：How old are you? 正：What's your age? 这河有多宽? 正：How wide is the river? 正：What's the width of the river? 这个村子有多少人口? 正：How many people are there in this village? 正：What is the population of of the village? 8. 有个别情况，两者都可用，结构一样，含义一样。如： How [What] about Friday? 星期五怎么样? How [What] about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样? How [What] do you mean? 你是什么意思?你设了圈套! 2.2021年下半年英语四级语法用法辨析 arrange的用法 arrange表示“安排某人做某事”，不能用 arrange sb to do sth, 而应用 arrange for sb to do sth (此时的 arrange 为不及物动词)。 ①用作及物动词。如： a) 用名词或代词作宾语。如： We will arrange everything. 你们会安排好一切的。 I've arranged a taxi for you. 我已为你们安排了一辆出租车。 有时用于被动语态。如： It is all arranged. 这事全都安排好了。 b) 用不定式作宾语。如： They arranged to start early. 他们计划一早出发。arrange的用法 I've arranged to see them tonight. 我已安排今晚同他们见面。 We still have to arrange how (when) to go there. 我们还得安排如何(何时)去那儿。 表示“安排某人做某事”，不能用 arrange sb to do sth, 而应用 arrange for sb to do sth (此时的 arrange 为不及物动词)。 c) 用 that 从句作宾语(从句多用虚拟语气)。如： We have arranged that she (should) look after the children. 我们已安排她照看孩子。 They arranged that the meeting (should) be put off to Saturday. 他们安排把会议推迟到星期六。 d) 不接双宾语。如： 请给我们安排一次与工人的会见。 正：Please arrange an interview with the workers for us. 误：Please arrange us an interview with the workers. ②用作不及物动词(注意与介词的有用搭配)。如： We must arrange about that. 我们须对此事作出安排。 Call up and arrange (for)a taxi，please. 请打电话安排一辆出租车。 Let's go and arrange with them about it. 我们去和他们把这事安排一下。 Let's try and arrange so that we can get there in time. 我们设法安排一下，以便能及时赶到。 1.用作不及物动词时，还通常用于 arrange for sb (sth) to do sth(此类句型中的介词 for 不能省略)。如： He's arranged for me to attend the meeting. 他已安排我去参加会议。 We have arranged for the car to come at nine. 我们已安排好让汽车9点钟来。 比较以下同义句型。如： 我们安排把会议推迟一周后召开。 正：We arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 正：We arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. 2. 表示“整理”、“排列”，是及物动词。如 They were arranged in kinds (years, size). 他们是按种类(年代，大小)排列的。 1.2021年下半年英语四级语法用法辨析 英语四级语法用法辨析：Prepare的用法及搭配详解 (1)prepare sb. for / to do sth.使某人对……作好准备 The teacher are preparing the students for the final examination.老师们正让学生准备期末考试。 The mother prepared her son to go to preschool.妈妈让儿子准备好去学前班。 (2)prepare sb. sth.为某人准备…… The host and hostress prepared us a delicious meal.主人为我们准备好美味佳肴。 (3)prepare sth. for + n. / v.-ing.(动名词)准备……，为……做准备 The peasants are preparing the ground for planting.农民们正在为栽种准备耕地。 (4)sb. prepare for sth. / to do sth.某人准备做…… The students are busy preparing for the college entrance examination.学生们正忙着准备考大学。 (5)be prepared for…为……准备，对……作好了准备，表示结果 The students are well prepared for the sports meeting.学生们为运动会做了充分准备。Prepare的用法及搭配详解 They were not prepared for the attack at all.他们根本没有预料到这次袭击。 (6)be prepared to do sth.准备好……，愿意 Always be prepared to answer questions in class.课堂上要时刻准备回答问题。 (7)be prepared against防备
2021年上半年英语四级语法用法辨析
【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法辨析 英语四级语法用法辨析：fit，match，suit的区别 ①fit 与suit可指衣服“合适”或“适合”的意思。fit 指大小、尺寸合体，suit指颜色，花样或款式适合。 如：The coat fits me well. 这件上衣我穿着很合身。 The colour of the cloth suits a woman at my wife's age. 这布的颜色适合我妻子年龄的妇女穿。 ②match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。 如：The People's Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian An Men beautifully. 人民大会堂和历史博物馆与天安门陪衬得极为优美。 1. I can't go that far .Long plane trips don't ___ me. A. agree with B. agree to C. fit for D. match with 2. He knows a lot about film .No one in our class can ___ him in that knowledge. A. catch B. suit C. compare D. match 1-2解：AD. 3. The shirt is two sizes ___ for me. Would you please show me another one? A. larger B. too large C. more large D. very large 解：B习惯用语问题。说明：英语中，表示“(衣帽等)太大或太小因而不合适”，须用 too large/small for sb. “对某人大几号为”“sizes too large for sb.” 【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法辨析 英语四级语法用法辨析：travel,trip,journey的用法区别 三者均可表示“旅行”，区别如下： 1. travel 泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。如： He is fond of travel (= travelling). 他喜欢旅行。 Travel is much cheaper than it used to be. 现在旅行比过去便宜多了。 注：有时可用复数形式，主要指时间较长的各处旅行，此时通常有物主代词修饰，但是尽管用了复数形式，却不能与 many 或数词连用。如： He's gone off on his travels again. 他又外出旅行了。 另外，travel 通常只是泛指旅行，而不特指某次具体的旅行，所以通常不说：How was your travel? 2. journey 通常指远距离的陆地旅行，并且不一定要返回到出发地(即通常指单程)。如： I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你一路顺风。 He made a journey to Beijing. 他去北京旅行了。 注：journey 有时并不指真正意义的“旅行”，而只是表示走过一段距离。如： How long is your journey to work? 你上班要走多远? 3. trip 通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行，并且往往要回到出发点(即指双程)，不过有时 trip 也可指远距离的长途旅行，可与 journey 换用，比 journey 更通俗。如： A：Where is John? 约翰在哪里? B：He's on a trip to Shanghai. 他去上海旅行了。 He'll make a round-the-world trip. 他将周游世界。 【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法辨析 英语四级语法用法辨析：continue与go on用法区别 两者均可表示“继续”，有时可互换。如： The rain went on [contiuned] for three days. 雨连续下了 3 天。 This state of things cannot continue [go on] forever. 这种状况不能继续下去了。 两者区别如下： 1. go on 属普通用词，而 continue 则较正式。如： Go on， please. 请说下去。 Now， the news continues in standard English. 现在用普通英语继续报告新闻。 2. continue 后可直接跟名词作宾语，而 go on 后需借助介词再接名词作宾语。如： He continued [went on with] the story. 他继续讲故事。 3. continue 后接不定式或动名词均可，含义大致相同，均表示“不停地做某事”;而 go on 后接不定式或动名词含义区别较大，即 go on doing sth 意为“不停地做某事”(不中断)或“继续做某事”(中断后继续)，go on to do sth 意为“(做完某事后)接着或继续做某事”。比较： The baby contiuned to cry [crying] all night. 婴儿哭了一夜。 You can't go on working all night without a rest. 你不能通宵工作而不休息。(无中断) She nodded， smiled， and went on stitching. 她点了点头，笑了笑，又继续缝衣服。(中断后再继续) Go on to do the other exerciese after you have finished this one. 你做完这个练习后，请接着做其他的练习。 注：按传统语法，continue doing sth 只能表示不停地做某事，不能表示中断后继续做某事，但现代英语似乎已不完全遵循此规则。如 1995 年出版的《朗文当代英语辞典》就有这样一句： They contiuned talking after the meal. 吃了饭后他们又继续谈。 4. continue 可用作连系动词，go on 不可这样用。如： The weather continued fine. 天气一直很好。
2021年上半年英语四级语法用法解析3篇
【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法解析 英语四级语法用法辨析：borrow 与 lend 的同与异 1. 两者都可表示“借”，但是 borrow 指“借入”，而 lend 则指“借出”，两者其实是一对反义词，而不是同义词。如： Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的自行车吗? I never lend books; you never get them back. 我的书决不外借，因为总是有去无回。 Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不贷。 2. 从句型上看，lend 可接双宾语，即可用于 lend sb sth，该句型也可说成lend sth to sb。如： She lent him some money. 她借给他一些钱。 She lent some money to him. 她借给他一些钱。 这样用的 lend 有时还可用于被动语态。如： You were lent ten thousand pounds last year. 去年借给你1万英镑。 但是注意，borrow 不能接双宾语，即不能用于 borrow sb sth;要表示向某人借某物，英语可用borrow sth from sb。如： 误：He borrowed her some money. 正：He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些钱。 3. 两者本来是非延续性动词，但有时可以与一段时间连用，表示借用的时间。如： Can I borrow your pen for a moment? 你的钢笔我可以借用一会儿吗? He borrowed a car from a friend for a few days. 他向朋友借汽车用了几天。 Could you lend me five pounds until tomorrow? 你借给我5英镑，明天还你，行吗? 【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法解析 英语四级语法用法辨析：slow up和slow down 一、先测测你是否会想当然 1. 请先观察以下短语，这几组短语至少在表示某一意思时它们是反义词： (1) up 与 down 是一对反义词，前者表示“向上”，后者表示“向下”。如： He continued to jump up and down like a boy at a football match. 他不停地上蹿下跳，活像个足球赛中的男孩。 Aircraft can avoid each other by going up and down, as well as by altering course to left or right. 飞机可以通过上下升降和左右移动改变航线来避免相撞。 (2) upstairs 与 downstairs是一对反义词，前者表示“楼上”，后者表示“楼下”。如： The bedrooms are upstairs and the dining-room is downstairs. 寝室在楼上，餐厅在楼下。 (3) go up 与 go down 是一对反义词，前者表示“上升”，后者表示“下降”。如： The incomes of skilled workers went up. Meanwhile, unskilled workers saw their earnings go down. 熟练工的收入上升了，而与此同时，不熟练工发现他们的收入下降了。 (4) turn up 与 turn down 是一对反义词，前者表示“开大音量”，后者表示“关小音量”。如： The baby fell asleep, so I asked him to turn the TV down, but a few minutes later he turned it up again. 宝宝睡着了，所以我叫他把电视机音量调小些，但是没过几分钟他又把音量调大了。 ▲请从所给的四个选项中选择一个答案填空： slow up 与 slow down 是一对 ________。 A. 同义词 B. 反义词 C. 无关词 D. 互补词 【测试结果】如果你选择的答案是“反义词”，你就错了，正确答案是填“同义词”。尽管up和down是一对反义词，并且确实也有不少含有up和down的短语也是反义词，但是，slow up和slow down却是一对同义词。 二、相关词和短语的用法说明 slow up和slow down均表示“变缓”“变慢”“减速”等，从使用的广泛性来看，slow down比slow up用得更多、更广泛。两者的具体用法如下： 1. 表示“(使)慢下来”“(使)减速” (1) slow down的用例： I put on the brakes and slowed the car down. 我踩下刹车降低车速。 The train slowed down as it went around the bend. 火车在转弯处减速了。 She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her. 她放慢脚步好让我跟上她。 The train slowed down to a crawl as it approached the station. 火车进站时慢了下来。 You see drivers speeding up when they should be slowing down. 你可以看到有些司机在应该减速时却加速。 (2) slow up的用例： The bus slowed up as it approached the junction. 公共汽车在驶近交叉路口时放慢了速度。 The roadworks are slowing the traffic up in the mornings. 道路施工使早上的交通迟缓下来。 2. 表示“(使某人)松弛”“(使发展)减缓” (1) slow down的用例： The economy has slowed down. 经济放缓了。 He looks ill, and he should slow down. 他看上去不太舒服，应该放松一下。 (2) slow up的用例： Output has slowed (up) a little. 生产已放慢了一点。 They claim they can slow up the ageing process. 他们声称能够减缓老化的速度。 三、用法联想与拓展 跟slow down与slow up用法类似的还有close up与close down。但close up与close down在表示“关闭”时，只是意义相近，并不完全相同：close down表示公司或商店等永久性关闭(即“倒闭”)，而close up则表示公司或商店等临时性关闭(如“歇业”“打烊”)。如： The factory closed down ten years ago. 这家工厂10 年前就倒闭了。 All the shops had closed up for the night. 深夜所有的商店都已经打烊了。 有些含有up和down的相似短语，既不是同义词或近义词，也不是反义词，它们各自有各自的意思和用法。如： back up(验证;支持;备份;倒车;后退) back down(认错;认输;退让) bring up(养育;教养;提出) bring down(使落下;打 倒;降低;减少) 【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法解析 英语四级语法用法辨析：fun和funny作形容词的区别 1. fun不仅可以作名词，还可以作形容词，而且作为形容词仅用于名词前作定语，不能作表语，意义相当于enjoyable，汉语意思是“有趣的;令人愉快的”，例如： Diving is a fun thing to do. 潜水是很有趣的事。 a fun day at a theme park. 在主题公园度过的愉快的一天。 2.funny的意义相对要多：(1) 滑稽的，有趣的，可笑的 (2) 稀奇的，古怪的 (3) 稍感不适的。funny不仅可以修饰名词作定语，还可以作表语。例如： He told funny stories. 他讲了几个有趣的故事 It was the funniest thing I ever heard. 这是我所听到过的最有趣的的事。 The machine is making a very funny noise. 这部机器发出一种很奇怪的声音。 The joke is not funny. 那个笑话并不好笑。 Sometimes he is funny, sometimes he seems like a poet. 有时他很滑稽，有时他又像个诗人。 He told the doctor that he felt funny all over. 他告诉医生，他感到浑身不舒服。 3. 如果是修饰人，funny用来指令人发笑的人。而fun用来指令人愉快的或者喜欢与之相处的人。例如： She's one of the funniest people I know. 她是我所认识的最有意思的人之一。 My sister is a fun person. 我妹妹是一个有趣的人。
2021年上半年英语四级语法用法详解
【 #四六级考试# 导语】梦想在前方，努力在路上。对于考生来说，拿到证书就是我们向往的远方。以下是“2021年上半年英语四级语法用法详解”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注 ！ 【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法详解 1. come 和 go 是一对反义词，come(来)所表示的方向是朝向说话者的位置，而go(去)所表示的方向是离开说话者的位置。如：come here(来这儿)，come to school(来上学)，go there(去那儿)，go to school(去上学)。 2. 两者之后均可用 and 来代替一个表目的的不定式。如： Come and have a drink. 来喝一杯。 He went and bought some envelopes. 他去买了些信封。 3. come 之后可接不定式，表示经过某一过程而发生某一情况，常译为“开始”“渐渐地”“终于”，但是动词go不能这样用。如： How did you come to know her? 你是怎么认识她的? You'll come to understand your parents someday. 你总有一天会理解你的父母。 4. come 和 go 之后均可接现在分词，但有区别： (1) come+现在分词，主要用来说明“来”的方式。如： He came running to welcome us. 他跑过来欢迎我们。 The children came running to meet us. 孩子们跑着来迎接我们。 A large stone came flying through the window. 从窗外扔进来一块大石头。 另外，该结构还可用来谈论体育和娱乐活动，与go doing sth用法相似，只是“方向”不同。如： Would you like to come sailing? 你愿意来坐船游览吗? Come swimming with us tomorrow. 明天跟我们一起游泳吧。 Why don't you come ice-skating with us tonight? 今晚来和我们一起溜冰好吗? (2) go+现在分词，表示“去做……”，这类词组大多与体育、娱乐、日常生活等有关。如： We often go swimming together. 我们常一道去游泳。 Let's go boating this afternoon. 今天下午我们去划船吧。 He finished lunch and went shopping. 他吃完午饭而后去买东西。 另外，该结构有时还可表示警告，用于建议做某事不好的事，此时多用于否定句。如： Don't go saying that! 不要这样讲话! Don't go looking for trouble, Maria. 不要去找麻烦了，玛丽亚。 You shouldn't go boasting about your achievements. 你不应当夸耀你的成就。 5. come 和 go 都可用作连系动词，表示事物状态的变化。如： The handle has come loose. 这个把柄松了。 The children must not go hungry. 孩子们不应挨饿。 两者之后所接形容词通常各有其特点，有时还可从好坏方面去区别：即 come 用于“好”的变化，go 用于“坏”的变化。如： Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 大热天鱼很容易坏。 另外，表示人的生理变化通常用 go，如go blind(变瞎)，go deaf(变聋)，go grey(两鬓渐白)等，但是go通常不与 old, ill, tired 等连用。 6. come 有时可以表示参加到对方的活动之中去(即使这种运动方向本身要求用 go)。如： A：Will you come to see me tonight? 今晚来看我好吗? B：Yes, I'll come. 好，我来。 A：Please come at once. Dinner is ready. 晚餐准备好了，请快来。 B：OK, I'm coming. 好，我就来。(若用 Oh, I'm going. 对方可能会理解为“噢，我要出去”。) 一般说来，在这种情况有以下3点需注意： (1) 表示到听话人(包括收信人)那儿去，通常用 come。如： I'll come to see you one of these days. 过几天我来看你。 (2) 邀请对方一起去某地，可用 come 或 go。一般说来，用 come含有一种自己决定要去的意味，而用 go 则含有一种请求和商量的意味。如： Would you like to come [go] with us? 你和我们一起去好吗? (3) 表示“我同你一起去”这样的意义时，可用 come 或 go。如： I will come [go] with you. 我和你一起去。 【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法详解 1. Raise和rise都有“上升”的意思，记住下面2句话： Raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来”。 Rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。 比如： He raised his right hand. 他举起了右手。(是他把手举起来的，所以用raise) I raised the box above my head. 我把盒子举过了头顶。(盒子是我举起的，所以用raise) The waves rose and fell. 波浪起起伏伏。(波浪是自己动的，所以用rise) Smoke rose into the sky. 空中升起了烟。(烟也是自己飘的，所以用rise) 2. Raise和rise都有“增长”的意思，同样地： Raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语。 Rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语。 比如： We will have to raise our fees. 我们需要提高费用。(raise后面一定要有宾语) Prices are rising rapidly. 价格快速上涨。(rise后面一定不能有宾语) 3. 在英式英语里，raise只能作动词、不能做名词，rise既可以作动词、也可以作名词 比如：He asked for a pay rise. 在美语里，raise则可以作名词，表示“加薪”。 比如：She offered me a raise. 明白了吗?填空——> We ___ our heads to watch the sun ___ over the bridge. 你觉得是A. raise / rise 还是B. rise / raise 呢? We raised our heads to watch the sun rise over the bridge. 我们抬起头，望着太阳从桥上升起。(我们的头当然要我们抬起来，所以用raise;太阳是自己升升落落的，所以用rise。) 【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法详解 (1)prepare sb. for / to do sth.使某人对……作好准备 The teacher are preparing the students for the final examination.老师们正让学生准备期末考试。 The mother prepared her son to go to preschool.妈妈让儿子准备好去学前班。 (2)prepare sb. sth.为某人准备…… The host and hostress prepared us a delicious meal.主人为我们准备好美味佳肴。 (3)prepare sth. for + n. / v.-ing.(动名词)准备……，为……做准备 The peasants are preparing the ground for planting.农民们正在为栽种准备耕地。 (4)sb. prepare for sth. / to do sth.某人准备做…… The students are busy preparing for the college entrance examination.学生们正忙着准备考大学。 (5)be prepared for…为……准备，对……作好了准备，表示结果 The students are well prepared for the sports meeting.学生们为运动会做了充分准备。Prepare的用法及搭配详解 They were not prepared for the attack at all.他们根本没有预料到这次袭击。 (6)be prepared to do sth.准备好……，愿意 Always be prepared to answer questions in class.课堂上要时刻准备回答问题。 (7)be prepared against防备 We are prepared against natural disasters.我们作好预防自然灾害的准备。